Predicting Tensile Properties of Friction-Stir-Welded 6063 Aluminum with Experimentally Measured Welding Heat Input

This work aims to develop a reliable method to predict mechanical properties of friction-stir-welded 6 xxx-series alloys with experimentally measured welding heat input. A calorimetrical method was utilized to experimentally measure the welding heat input in the friction stir welded of aluminum alloy 6063-T5. Good correlations between the input variables, i.e., welding parameters and physical properties of the materials, and the welding heat inputs obtained with experimental measurements were discovered. The welding heat input can be predicted using the empirical equation derived based on these correlations. Moreover, the results suggested that the thermal conductivities of the welded alloys affected the welding heat input significantly. Mechanical properties, including hardness and tensile properties, of friction-stir-welded aluminum alloy 6063 were in good correlation to the heat input obtained with experimental measurement. These correlations were explained by the evolution of the strengthening precipitates during welding. This work proposed a reliable new route to predict these mechanical responses through the estimation of heat input.     

焊接热输入对2219薄板铝合金焊接接头性能的影响

针对2219薄板铝合金,采用不同焊接热输入的TIG焊开展了对比试验,分析了焊接接头的力学性能、组织形貌和断裂特征。研究结果表明,单道焊比双道焊的接头抗拉强度的平均值提高了19.6%,断后伸长率基本相同;双道焊的接头在熔合线附近,焊缝区形成柱状枝晶,组织大小不一、形状不规则,热影响区晶粒粗化,几何形态变化,组织形态不均匀,接头在焊接温度升高时,晶粒粗化,强度降低,断口呈现了沿晶界撕裂扩展的痕迹,局部呈“河流花样”特征;单道焊的接头在熔合线附近,焊缝区等轴晶分布较多,组织均匀一致,晶粒细小,接头在经历了加热、快速冷却、常温放置后,强化相溶于固溶体,Cu原子扩散、聚集,产生点阵畸变,晶粒得到细化,强度升高,断口呈现了典型的塑形断裂痕迹,韧窝形态明显。     

Full and reduced-order H∞ filtering of Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy time-varying delay systems: Input–output approach

This article addresses the issue of delay-dependent H_∞ filtering design for TakagiŮSugeno fuzzy time-varying delay systems using the input–output approach. A three-term approximation model has been used to transform the original system into two interconnected subsystems. Since the nonquadratic Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional requires to deal with the membership function's (MF) time derivative, upper-bound inequalities have been added to the obtained conditions. Based on the scaled small gain theorem, nonquadratic Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional approach and considering the bounds of the MF time-derivative, the H_∞ full- and reduced-order filters are designed and then formulated in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, illustrative examples are presented to demonstrate the validity of the proposed methods.     

Observer‐based fuzzy adaptive quantized control for uncertain nonlinear multiagent systems

This paper focuses on consensus quantized control design problem for uncertain nonlinear multiagent systems with unmeasured states. Every follower can be denoted through a system with unmeasurable states, hysteretic quantized input, and unknown nonlinearities. Fuzzy state observer and Fuzzy logic systems are employed to estimate unmeasured states and approximate unknown nonlinear functions, respectively. The hysteretic quantized input can be split into two bounded nonlinear functions to avoid chattering problem. By combining adaptive backstepping and first‐order filter signals, an observer‐based fuzzy adaptive quantized control scheme is designed for each follower. All signals exist in closed‐loop systems are semiglobally uniformly ultimately bounded, and all followers can accomplish a desired consensus results. Finally, a numerical example is employed to elaborate the effectiveness of proposed control strategy.     

基于集员未知输入观测器的风力机桨距执行器故障诊断

风力机一般放置在恶劣的环境中,其桨距执行器极易出现故障。文中针对一类含有未知但有界干扰和噪声的风力机系统的桨距执行器故障问题,设计了集员未知输入观测器对桨距的执行器故障进行检测并分离。采用气动机理和现代辨识原理建立风力机系统模型,通过优化未知输入观测器设计对系统中的干扰解耦,基于中心对称多胞体估计不考虑故障时残差的区间包络,并将其作为残差估计的上下动态阈值,实现状态估计。在上述基础上提出了利用一组集员未知输入观测器进行故障诊断的策略。仿真结果表明,在实验过程中,文中所设计的集员未知输入观测器准确地诊断出了风力机桨距执行器的3阶和5阶线性系统在发生突变故障和缓慢时变故障的时间和位置,证明了所提故障诊断策略的有效性。     

Improved multi-recessed 4H–SiC MESFETs with double-recessed p-buffer layer

An improved multi-recessed 4H–SiC metal semiconductor field effect transistor (MRD-MESFET) with double-recessed p-buffer layer (DRB-MESFET) is proposed in this paper. By introducing a double-recessed p-buffer layer, the gate depletion layer is further modulated, and higher drain saturation current and DC transconductance are obtained compared with the MRD-MESFET. The simulations show that the drain saturation current of the DRB-MESFET is about 42.4% larger than that of the MRD-MESFET. The DC transconductance of the DRB-MESFET is almost 15% higher than that of the MRD-MESFET and very close to that of double-recessed structure (DR-MESFET) at the bias conditions of V_gs=0 V and V_ds=40 V. The proposed structure has an improvement of 26.1% and 74.2% in the output maximum power density compared with that of the MRD-MESFET and DR-MESFET, respectively. In the meanwhile, the proposed structure possesses smaller gate-source capacitance, which results in better RF characteristics.     

醇及醇胺类物质助磨效果量化评价方法的研究

通过实验室小磨试验,研究了三种醇及醇胺类物质的掺量与水泥样品45μm筛余、均匀性系数及标准稠度用水量的关系,建立了醇及醇胺类助磨剂助磨效果的量化评价方法。以助磨剂掺量为横坐标,分别以样品45μm筛余、均匀性系数及水泥标准稠度用水量为纵坐标绘制曲线,用纵坐标的变化值(与空白样相比)表征助磨效果的差异;曲线拐点对应的横坐标为助磨剂的饱和掺量,对应的纵坐标为达到最大助磨效果时的颗粒(或性能)特征。助磨剂的饱和掺量越小,饱和掺量对应的45μm筛余越小、均匀性系数越大及水泥标准稠度用水量越大时,该助磨剂的助磨效果越好。     

土体热传导性能及其热导率模型研究

为研究不同土体的热传导特性变化规律,利用热探针测试了南京地区典型土体在不同含水量和干密度状态下的热阻系数,分析了含水量、干密度、饱和度以及矿物成分等因素对土体热阻系数的影响,研究了不同状态下土体热导率的预测模型,提出了适用于不同地区土体热阻系数估算的修正系数.结果表明:南京地区典型土体的热阻系数随含水量和干密度增加而减小,当含水量超过一定范围后,热阻系数趋于稳定;热阻系数与饱和度之间的关系表现出与其含水量之间相似的变化规律;土颗粒的热传导特性由其矿物成分决定,石英含量对土颗粒热传导特性有着显著影响;提出了可用于非饱和土热导率估算的修正归一化模型,该模型对于粗粒土具有较高的预测精度,细粒土则需考虑区域差别进行修正.     

金属表面液相等离子体电解渗硼技术

金属表面液相等离子体电解渗技术包括等离子体电解渗碳、渗氮、渗硼等。它具有渗透效率高、工作电压低、处理工艺简单、成本低等优点。主要介绍了钢铁、钛等金属表面等离子体电解渗硼技术的最新进展,分析了它的放电过程和基本原理,研究了渗硼过程的光发射谱,并评估了等离子体放电区的电子温度、电子浓度特征参数。分析了渗硼层的生长过程和形成机理,探讨了金属基体成分、工作电压、处理温度和电解液的组成等关键参数,对渗硼层的显微组织和相成分的影响。最后简要探讨了等离子体电解渗硼技术目前存在的问题和后续的发展方向。